Women managers are not a striking novelty already. Females are reported to hold about 40 percent of all managerial positions in the US, which is not bad at all. But when it comes to super-successful top-rank enterprises, their CEOs appear to be male. Women make up only 5 percent of Chief Executives in top companies on the Fortune 500 list. The situation is similar in Europe and all over the world, and it brings no positive prospect for women managers. So why gender gap still exists in the managerial positions? On the individual level, women do not receive
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Alleviating poverty does not seem to be a business issue. The poor do not operate on markets and have a limited purchasing power. Nevertheless, poverty is the important concept on the macroeconomic scale that determines imports and exports, foreign investments, employment, and income equality for many. Multinational Enterprises and their hiring practices are considered to alleviate poverty, especially when compared to local governments and domestic companies. MNEs offer higher salaries and more social benefits to their workers, but they hire a limited range of workers most of whom have advanced skills. The quality of employment for other workers is questionable.
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Strategic management is especially important for small and medium enterprises. Though they specialize in narrow niches in the market, SMEs employ more than a half of all private-sector employees in the US and make up more than a half of its GDP. At the same time, small companies are less protected than large ones, and new ventures often turn into a failure or meet low profit margins. Due to their small size, formal strategic planning can be missing in SMEs, which inevitably affects their corporate performance. Strategic planning always develops together with the enterprise. From the moment when
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In the business environment, one is not an entrepreneur unless they handle some failures. A business success does not come straight to every newcomer, and those who do not fail either do not submerge in their business or have the person managing failures for them. But most people in business, including highly respectable ones, have failed at least once. Some of them returned to their business and improved the thing that went wrong. Entrepreneurs either started from the very beginning or reinvested money in the existing business because coming back to the problem is the only way to fix it.
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While business entrepreneurship is the tool to revive the economy through improving the wealth of individuals, social entrepreneurship emerged to solve pressing social problems. Learning on practices of their colleagues from business, social entrepreneurs created new forms of corporate structure in the US and UK. Among them, the community interest company, the social business, and the low-profit limited liability company. For the last decade, nonprofits changed the way they approach social problems without depending on scarce dollars from the federal budget. Social entrepreneurship is a new concept explained mainly through social innovation and social enterprise. The latter is the school
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